R馩rences bibliographiques

Watch, watch. A tool that is worn on the wrist for timing. On social occasions, wearing a watch, usually means a strong sense of breitling replica time, rigorous style of work; and people who don't wear watches, or to ask others at the time people are always very much because it sniff at that time, the rolex replica concept is not strong. In formal social occasions, watches are often regarded as jewelry, usually only a ring can be worn for men, it is highly valued. Some people even stressed: "watches are not only men's jewelry, but also the rolex replica most important men's jewelry."

AITD, 1996. Non motorised transport in India: current status and policy issues. Asian Institute of Transport Development, New Delhi, India. 141p.

Ayre M and Smith A, 1987. Puncture prevention techniques for low cost vehicles. Intermediate Technology Publications, London, UK. 40p. ISBN 0-946688-14-1

Barwell I and Hathway G, 1986. The design and manufacture of animal-drawn carts. Technical memorandum prepared for ILO/HABITAT. Intermediate Technology Publications, London. 72p.

Barwell I and Howe J, 1980. Intermediate transport technology. Appropriate Technology 7(1): 9-11.

Barwell I and Malmberg Calvo C, 1989. Makete Integrated Rural Transport Project: the transport demands of rural households. Findings from a village level travel survey. Employment and Development Department, International Labour Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland. 178p.

Bierig M, Derebe Kasai and Tadelle Dereba, 1988. Report about the Madeta cart. Appropriate Technology Project, Ambo Junior College of Agriculture, Ambo, Ethiopia. 16p.

Biggs S D, Kelly A P and Balasuriya G, 1993. Rural entrepreneurs, two-wheel tractors and markets for services: a case study from Sri Lanka. Discussion paper 242. School of Development Studies, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. 43p. ISBN 1 898285 85 3

Bramberger M and Lebo J, 1999. Gender and transport: a rationale for action. Premnotes No 14. Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network, The World Bank, Washington DC, USA. 4p.

Clarke N, 1999. Considering wheelchair riders as transport users. pp. 195-214 in: Meeting transport needs with intermediate modes of transport. Lanka Forum of Rural Transport Development, Colombo, Sri Lanka. 221p. ISBN 955‑8233801‑3

Connerley E and Schroeder L, 1996. Rural transport planning: approach paper. SSATP Working Paper No 19. Sub-Saharan Africa Transport Policy Program (SSATP), The World Bank, Washington DC, USA. 60p.

Crossley P and Ellis S, 1996. A handbook of rural transport vehicles in developing countries. Silsoe College, Cranfield, UK and Transport Research Laboratory, Crowthorne, UK. 194p.

Dawson J and Barwell I, 1993. Roads are not enough: new perspectives on rural transport plannng in developing countries. Intermediate Technology Publications, London, UK. ISBN 1 85339 191 3

Dennis R, 1999. Issues relating to the demand for and supply of IMT in SSA. Paper and overheads prepared for experts meeting held 15-18 June 1999, Nairobi, Kenya. Rural Travel and Transport Program (RTTP), World Bank, Harare, Zimbabwe. 22p. (Proceedings in preparation).

Dogger J W, 1990. Final report ox-cart testing activities August 1987 - July 1990. Animal Draught Power Research and Development Project, Magoye Regional Research Station, Magoye, Zambia. 40p.

Ellis S, 1999. The economics of the provision of rural transport services. pp. 35-67 in: Meeting transport needs with intermediate modes of transport. Lanka Forum of Rural Transport Development, Colombo, Sri Lanka. 221p. ISBN 955‑8233801‑3

Ellis S D and Hine J L, 1998. The provision of rural transport services: approach paper. SSATP Working Paper No 37. Sub-Saharan Africa Transport Policy Program (SSATP), The World Bank, Washington DC, USA. 64p.

Fernando P, 1997. Balancing the load: gender issues in rural transport. International Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD), London, UK. 7p.

Fernando P and Starkey P, 2000. Donkeys and development: socio-economic issues. pp. 31-44 in: Starkey P and Fielding D (eds), 2000. Donkeys, people and development. A resource book of the Animal Traction Network for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA). ACP-EU Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), Wageningen, The Netherlands. 247p. ISBN 92-9081-219-2. Paper available from http://www.atnesa.org

Fischer R, 1994a. Transfer of animal traction technology: lessons from project experiences in Zimbabwe, Cameroon and Tanzania. pp 296-300 in: Starkey P, Mwenya E and Stares J (eds), Improving animal traction technology. Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), Wageningen, The Netherlands. 496p. ISBN 92-9081-127-7

Fischer R, 1994b. A note on the use of donkeys for rural road maintenance in Tanga Region, Tanzania. pp 448-449 in: Starkey P, Mwenya E and Stares J (eds), Improving animal traction technology. Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), Wageningen, The Netherlands. 496p. ISBN 92-9081-127-7

Gleick J, 1987. Chaos: making a new science. Cardinal/Sphere Books, Macdonald Publishers, London, UK. ISBN 0-7474-0413-5

Geta Kidanmariam, 2000. The use of donkeys for transport in Amhara Region, Ethiopia. pp. 53-56 in: Starkey P and Fielding D (eds), 2000. Donkeys, people and development. A resource book of the Animal Traction Network for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA). ACP-EU Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), Wageningen, The Netherlands. 247p. ISBN 92-9081-219-2. Paper available from http://www.atnesa.org

Guitink P, 1996. Strategic planning for non-motorized mobility. Transport Notes OT-4. The World Bank, Washington DC, USA. 5p. Available at: http://www.worldbank.org/html/fpd/transport/publicat/td-ot4.htm

Havard M and Faye A, 1988. El魥nts dyse de la situation actuelle de la culture attel饠au S鮩gal: perspectives d䵤es et de recherches. pp. 241-252 in: P H Starkey and F Ndiam鼯span> (eds), Animal power in farming systems. Vieweg for German Appropriate Technology Exchange, GTZ, Eschborn, Germany. 363p. ISBN 3-528-02047-4

Helsloot H, Sichembe H and Chelemu K, 1993. Animal powered rural transport in Zambia: prospects and constraints for development. Instituut voor Mechanisatie, Arbeid en Gebouwen (IMAG-DLO), Wageningen, The Netherlands. 66p.

Herbel D and Camara B, 1990. Le d鶥loppement de la culture attel饠dans la province de l㴼/i>. Mission de coop鲡tion fran硩se en Guin饭Bissau et Projet de d鶥loppement rural de la province de L㴬 Bafata, Guin饭Bissau. 120p.

ITDP, 1996. Jarkarta튠 non-motorized modes 鶩ng dangerously༩>Sustainable Transport. 6: (Summer 1996): pp 8-10. Institute for Transportation and Development Policy, New York, USA.

ITDP, 1999. New attack on cycle rickshaws in Indonesia. Campaign information circulated by Institute for Transportation and Development Policy, New York, USA. (http://www.ITDP.org).

IT News, 1987. Renewed production initiative for cycle trailers in India. Page 2, Intermediate Technology News. Appropriate Technology 14:1

IT News, 1988. Cycle trailer manufacture accelerates in India. Page 1, Intermediate Technology News. Appropriate Technology 15:1

IT News, 1989. First cycle trailers tested in Africa. Page 2, Intermediate Technology News. Appropriate Technology 15:4

IT News, 1990. Enthusiastic response to cycle trailers in Sri Lanka. Page 2, Intermediate Technology News. Appropriate Technology 17:3

IT News, 1994. Meeting the transport needs of poor people with cycles and trailers. Page 3, Intermediate Technology News. Appropriate Technology 20:4

ITSL, 1997. Cycle-based transport project extension document. IT Sri Lanka (ITSL), Colombo, Sri Lanka.

ITSL, 1998. Cycle-based transport project completion report. IT Sri Lanka (ITSL), Colombo, Sri Lanka.

IT Transport, 1996. Promoting intermediate means of transport: approach paper. SSATP Working Paper No 20. Sub-Saharan Africa Transport Policy Program (SSATP), The World Bank, Washington DC, USA. 46p.

Jennings M, 1992. Study on the constraints to women=s use of transport in Makate District, Tanzania. International Labour Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland. 50p.

Kauffman S, 1993. A review of the poverty alleviation components within a feeder roads program. Northern Region Pilot Scheme, Ministry of Transport, Accra, Ghana. 20p.

Kebede Desta, 1994. Development and transfer of animal traction technology in Ethiopia. pp 454-455 in Starkey P, Mwenya E and Stares J (eds), 1994. Improving animal traction technology. Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), Wageningen, The Netherlands. 490p. ISBN 92-9081-127-7

Litman T, Blair R, Demopoulos W, Eddy N, Fritzel A, Laidlaw D and Maddox H, 2000. Pedestrian and bicycle planning: a guide to best practices. Victoria Transport Policy Institute, Victoria BC, Canada. 84p. (Document available for downloading from: http://www.vtpi.org).

L榬er C, 1994. Transfer of animal traction technology to farmers in the North Western Province of Zambia. pp 354-359 in Starkey P, Mwenya E and Stares J (eds), 1994. Improving animal traction technology. Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), Wageningen, The Netherlands. 490p. ISBN 92-9081-127-7

Makwanda A C, 1994. Women and animal traction technology: experiences of the Tanga Draft Animal Project, Tanzania. pp 276-279 in: Starkey P, Mwenya E and Stares J (eds), Improving animal traction technology. Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), Wageningen, The Netherlands. 496p. ISBN 92-9081-127-7

Malmberg Calvo C, 1992. Case studies on intermediate means of transport and the role of women in rural transport: intermediate means of transport, women and rural transport in Eastern Uganda. SSATP Working Paper 3. Sub-Saharan Africa Transport Policy Program (SSATP), The World Bank, Washington DC, USA. 72p.

Malmberg Calvo C, 1994a. Case study on the role of women in rural transport: access of women to domestic facilities. SSATP Working Paper No 11. Sub-Saharan Africa Transport Policy Program (SSATP), The World Bank, Washington DC, USA. 59p.

Malmberg Calvo C, 1994b. Case study on intermediate means of transport: bicycles and rural women in Uganda. SSATP Working Paper No 12. Sub-Saharan Africa Transport Policy Program (SSATP), The World Bank, Washington DC, USA. 57p.

Matthies A, 1991. The medieval wheelbarrow. Technology and culture 32 (2): 356-364.

Metschies G P, 1999. Fuel prices and taxation. GTZ, Eschborn, Germany. 94p. (Can be downloaded from: http://www.zietlow.com/docs/engdocs.htm)

Mudzamba E, 1998. The transport burden on women and girls in Zimbabweವral areas. Ministry of Transport and Energy, Harare, Zimbabwe in association with International Labour Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland. 34p.

Mujemula F K, 1994. Improving animal-drawn transport technology in Tanzania: work on ox carts and bearings. pp. 414-417 in: Starkey P, Mwenya E and Stares J (eds), Improving animal traction technology. Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), Wageningen, The Netherlands. 490p. ISBN 92-9081-127-7

Mwenya E and Chisembele C, 1999. Donkeys in Zambia: experiences with their importation and quarantine. pp. 145-149 in: Starkey P and Fielding D (eds), 2000. Donkeys, people and development. A resource book of the Animal Traction Network for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA). ACP-EU Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), Wageningen, The Netherlands. 247p. ISBN 92-9081-219-2. Paper available from http://www.atnesa.org

Palmer C, 1998. Inland water transport: an IFRTD issues paper. International Forum for Rural Transport and Development (IFRTD), London, UK. 12p.

Pannilage U, 1998. Personal communication. IT Sri Lanka, (itsrilan@sri.lanka.net), 5 Lionel Edirisinghe Mawatha, Kirillapone, Colombo 5, Sri Lanka.

Pannilage U, 1999. IMTs in the Asian Region. Paper prepared for experts meeting held 15-18 June 1999, Nairobi, Kenya. Rural Travel and Transport Program (RTTP), World Bank, Harare, Zimbabwe. 9p. (Proceedings in preparation).

Plumbe A J and Byrne H M, 1981. The role of the agricultural tractor in road haulage in Sri Lanka. Report 1007. Transport and Road Research Laboratory, Crowthorne, UK. 19p. ISSN 0305-1293

PTMR (Madagascar), 1999. R鳵m鍊 ex飵tif de l䥬ier national 10-12 mai, 1999, Antananarivo. Programme de Transport en Milieu Rural (PTMR), Minist貥 des Travaux Publics, Antananarivo, Madagascar. 60p.

Rahmatullah Habib A N M and Farhab Ahmed A K, 1999. Improvement of rickshaw design: lessons from Bangladesh. pp 101-118 in: Meeting transport needs with intermediate modes of transport. Lanka Forum of Rural Transport Development, Colombo, Sri Lanka. 221p. ISBN 955‑8233801‑3

Relf C and Mkwizu E, 1998. Makete Integrated Rural Transport Project: ex-post evaluation final report. IT Transport Ltd, Ardington, UK and Swiss Agency for Development Cooperation, Berne, Switzerland. 49p.

Riverson J D N and Carapetis S, 1991. Intermediate means of transport in Sub-Saharan Africa: its potential for improving rural travel and transport. World Bank Technical Paper Number 161, Africa Technical Department, Washington DC, USA. 27p.

RTTP, 1999. Report of experts meeting to define the likely form and structure for a regional intermediate means of transport initiative strategy. Report of meeting held meeting held 15-18 June 1999, Nairobi, Kenya. Rural Travel and Transport Program (RTTP), World Bank, Harare, Zimbabwe. 34p.

Ruthven O and Kon頍, 1995. Bankass, Mali. pp. 89-128 in: Changing places? Women, resource management and migration in the Sahel. SOS Sahel, 1 Tolpuddle Street, London N1 0XT, UK.

Salifu M, 1994. The cycle trailer in Ghana: a reasonable but inappropriate technology. African Technology Forum 7(3): 37-40. (African Technology Forum, PO Box 39717, Cambridge MA 02139-7171, USA).

SFMP 1984. The development of a locally manufactured wheel and axle unit for ox and donkey carts. Small Farm Mechanisation Programme, Land Development Division, Ministry of Agriculture, Nakuru, Kenya. 6p.

Sieber N, 1996. Rural transport and rural development: the case of the Makate District, Tanzania. Karlsruhe Papers in Economic Policy Research, Vol. 4, Nomos Verlag, Baden-Baden, Germany. 190p. ISBN 3-7890-4507-1

Sieber N, 2000. The economic impact of pack donkeys in Makete, Tanzania. pp. 120-123 in: Starkey P and Fielding D (eds), 2000. Donkeys, people and development. A resource book of the Animal Traction Network for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA). ACP-EU Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), Wageningen, The Netherlands. 247p. ISBN 92-9081-219-2. Paper available from http://www.atnesa.org

Silva de R, 1992. Report of a visit to the Indian cycle trailer programme. IT Transport Ltd, Ardington, UK and IT Sri Lanka ITSL, Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Sisay Zenebe and Tilahun Fekade, 2000. The role of donkey pack-transport in the major grain market of Addis Ababa. pp. 71-78 in: Starkey P and Fielding D (eds), 2000. Donkeys, people and development. A resource book of the Animal Traction Network for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA). ACP-EU Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), Wageningen, The Netherlands. 247p. ISBN 92-9081-219-2. Paper available from http://www.atnesa.org

Starkey P, 1985. Animal power utilization in Malawi. Report of consultancy mission from 7-21 September 1985. Animal Production Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy. 32p.

Starkey P, 1988. Perfected yet rejected: animal-drawn wheeled toolcarriers. Vieweg for German Appropriate Technology Exchange, GTZ, Eschborn, Germany. 161p. ISBN 3-528-02053-9

Starkey P, 1989. Harnessing and implements for animal traction. Vieweg for German Appropriate Technology Exchange, GTZ, Eschborn, Germany. 244p. ISBN 3-528-02034-2

Starkey P, 1991a. Animal traction in Guin魂issau: status, trends and survey priorities. Report of a consultancy mission carried out from 22 February to 5 March 1991 in association with Pan Livestock Services, Reading University and Gaptec, Lisbon Technical University. Animal Traction Development, Reading, UK. 22p.

Starkey P, 1991b. The revival of animal traction in Kindia Region of Guinea Conakry. Report of evaluation of project ONG/78/89/B Guinea Conakry. Commission of the European Communities, Brussels, Belgium. 43p.

Starkey P, 1994a. Donkey utilisation in sub-Saharan Africa: recent changes and apparent needs. pp 289-302 in Bakkoury M and Prentis R A (eds) Working equines. Proceedings of second international colloquium held 20-22 April 1994, Rabat, Morocco. Actes Editions, Institut Agronomique et V鴩rinaire Hassan ll, Rabat, Morocco. 412p.

Starkey P, 1994b. The transfer of animal traction technology: some lessons from Sierra Leone. pp. 306-317 in: Starkey P, Mwenya E and Stares J (eds), Improving animal traction technology. Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), Wageningen, The Netherlands. 490p. ISBN 92-9081-127-7

Starkey P (ed), 1995. Animal power in South Africa: empowering rural communities. Development Bank of Southern Africa, Gauteng, South Africa. 160p. ISBN 1-874878-67-6

Starkey P, 1996. Animal traction in Mauritania: situation and prospects. Food and Agriculture of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. 34p.

Starkey P, 1997. R鳥au Guin饮 sur la Traction Animale (RGTA): progress, constraints and new possibilities. A summary of discussions following an ACT support mission 6-16 October 1997. Animal Traction Development, Reading, UK. 8p.

Starkey P, 1998a. Women, transport energy and donkeys: some implication for development workers. Energia 2(2): 11-13.

Starkey P (ed), 1998b. Improving donkey utilisation and management. Report of the workshop of the Animal Traction Network for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) held 5-9 May 1997, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia. Animal Traction Network for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA) and Animal Traction Development, Reading, UK. 61p.

Starkey P, 1998c. Networking for development. International Forum for Rural Transport and Development, London, UK. 103p. ISBN 1-85339-430-0

Starkey P, 1999. Transport using animal power: some key issues for Asia. pp 69-90 in: Meeting transport needs with intermediate modes of transport. Lanka Forum of Rural Transport Development, Colombo, Sri Lanka. 221p. ISBN955-8233801-3

Starkey P and Grimm J, 1994. The introduction of animal traction in the Tanga Region, Tanzania. GTZ, Eschborn, Germany. 65p.

Starkey P and Mutagubya W, 1992. Animal traction in Tanzania: experience, trends and priorities. Ministry of Agriculture, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Natural Resources Institute, Chatham, UK. 51p.

Starkey P and Starkey M, 2000. Regional and world trends in donkey populations. pp 10-21 in: Starkey P and Fielding D (eds), 2000. Donkeys, people and development. A resource book of the Animal Traction Network for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA). ACP-EU Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), Wageningen, The Netherlands. 247p. ISBN 92-9081-219-2. Paper available from http://www.atnesa.org

Starkey P, Dibbits H and Mwenya E, 1991. Animal traction in Zambia: status, progress and trends. Ministry of Agriculture, Lusaka in association with IMAG-DLO, Wageningen, The Netherlands. 105p.

Thoma G, 1979. Low cost transportation. German Appropriate Technology Exchange, GTZ, Eschborn, Germany. 63p.

Vidanpathiranage J, 1999. The importance of including intermediate modes of transport in highway designing in Sri Lanka. pp139-144 in: Meeting transport needs with intermediate modes of transport. Lanka Forum of Rural Transport Development, Colombo, Sri Lanka. 221p. ISBN 955‑8233801‑3

Vroom, H, 1994. Rural transport in Zambia: the design of an ox cart which can be produced in rural areas. pp. 418-421 in: Starkey P, Mwenya E and Stares J (eds), Improving animal traction technology. Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), Wageningen, The Netherlands. 490p. ISBN 92-9081-127-7

Wilson R T, 1991. Equines in Ethiopia. pp. 33-47 in: Fielding D and Pearson R A (eds), Donkeys, mules and horses in tropical agricultural development. Proceedings of colloquium held 3-6 September 1990, Edinburgh, Scotland. Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK. 336p. ISBN 0907146066.

Wirth J, 1994. Design, adaptation and manufacture of animal-drawn carts. pp. 405-413 in: Starkey P, Mwenya E and Stares J (eds), Improving animal traction technology. Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), Wageningen, The Netherlands. 490p. ISBN 92-9081-127-7

World Bank, 1992. Poverty reduction handbook, (Box A7.12, p. A7-13). Cited by Gannon C and Zhi Liu, 1997. Poverty and transport. Discussion paper TWU-30, The World Bank, Washington DC, USA. 55p.